Due to the length of the country and the mountain ranges, the climate differs from region to region during the four seasons, which are clearly distinguishable.

Hokkaido: generally cool and rainy with short warm summers and long cold winters. Year-round rainfall, but drier than the rest of Japan.

Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu: these islands have a temperate, rainy climate, with rainfall especially in summer and autumn on the east coast and in summer and winter on the west coast. Temperatures vary greatly according to latitude: from cold to mild in winter and from warm to very warm in summer. Okinawa: has a subtropical climate with very hot humid summers and fairly warm winters. Lots of rain all year round, but especially in summer.

Seasons

Japan experiences four distinct seasons: spring, summer, autumn, and winter. Each season has its own unique characteristics, offering visitors different experiences throughout the year.

  1. Spring (March to May): Spring in Japan is famous for the blooming of cherry blossoms, known as “sakura.” This season typically begins in March and lasts through May. Cherry blossom viewing, or “hanami,” is a cherished tradition in Japan, where people gather in parks and gardens to enjoy the fleeting beauty of the blossoms. The weather during spring is generally mild and pleasant, making it an ideal time for outdoor activities such as hiking, picnics, and visiting temples and shrines.
  2. Summer (June to August): Summer in Japan is characterized by hot and humid weather, with temperatures often reaching into the high 30s Celsius (90s Fahrenheit). This season, which lasts from June to August, coincides with the rainy season, known as “tsuyu” or “baiu.” During this time, heavy rainfall can occur, particularly in June and July. Despite the rain, summer offers vibrant festivals such as “Obon” celebrations and fireworks displays. Beaches also become popular destinations for swimming and water sports.
  3. Autumn (September to November): Autumn in Japan brings cooler temperatures and stunning foliage as the country is painted in shades of red, orange, and yellow. The peak of autumn foliage, known as “koyo,” typically occurs from late October to early December, depending on the region. This season is an excellent time for hiking, visiting gardens, and enjoying seasonal foods such as chestnuts and sweet potatoes. Festivals celebrating the harvest, such as the “Takayama Autumn Festival” and “Shichi-Go-San,” also take place during this time.
  4. Winter (December to February): Winter in Japan varies in severity depending on the region, with the northern parts of the country experiencing colder temperatures and snowfall. Skiing and snowboarding are popular winter activities in regions like Hokkaido and the Japanese Alps. In urban areas like Tokyo and Kyoto, winters are milder, with temperatures hovering around freezing. Winter illuminations and holiday markets add a festive atmosphere to cities, while hot springs (“onsen”) offer a relaxing retreat from the cold.

Overall, Japan’s four seasons each offer unique experiences, whether it’s witnessing the cherry blossoms in spring, enjoying summer festivals, admiring autumn foliage, or indulging in winter sports and seasonal festivities.